Apparatus for driving hollow cylinders



Dec. 30, 1930. F. H. HUNT 1,787,000

APPARATUS FOR DRIVING HOLLOW CYLINDERS FiledI April 11,'192'7 2 sheets-sheet l Dec. 30, 1930. F. H. HUNT 1,787,000

APPARATUS FOR DRIVING HOLLOW CYLINDERS Filed April ll, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Dead-i301, 1930 sra-TES PATENT ortica FRANCIS rr.-r'iUNr, 0E LEoNrA, NEW JERSEY, assrGNoE. 'ro` nAMoNn ooNonEfrE PIVLE COMPANY, E NEW YoEmN. Y.A ooEPoEATIoN or NEW `.TEE-SEE -v ABPAEATUS Eon :DRIVING HOLLOW CYLINDEES l Application inea aprem,

the cylinders intotlie ground.

For kthe purpose of V'llustration, however, the operation of the apparat-lisis illustrated in connection with cylinders sunk in the 'method linown commercially as the Gow system. In'that system a comparatively'short hollow c ilinder is driven into'the Ground and the space within the cylinderis then excavated in any convenient manner. Then a second cylinder, of slightly smaller diameter, is set concentrically within the irst` andfdriven until its upper end is at nearly the same levelV asv the bottom of the first cylinder.V The second cylinder is then excavated andathird cylinder, of smaller diameter than the second, driven, and so on `until the desired depth oit' excavation is reached, generally at bed Y rock,whereupon the Cylinders are filled with concrete to form a column suitable "for supi'iorting a superstructure.

Th'e'cylinders areoif large diameter, and considerable torce is required to drive them. The drivingl force is all concentrated on' the thiirrii'n.` When certain kinds ot soil are encountered. it difhcult'tio apply sufficient driving eiiort tothe cylinder without cutting or cru'inpling the rims where the blows of the Y hammer are applied.

Since the Gow cylinders are 'of various diameters,`it is necessary that the driving mechanism be readily adaptable for those diameters.. y

Itis Aalso'necessaiy tov provide the driving means with devices to keep each` cylinder roperly aligned and concentric 'with the cylinder that'surrounds it.

' It has been customary to drive the cylinders with pile drivers of the ordinary type,plac ing temporary heads ork cross bars of various kinds onthe rcylindersfand directingthe blows of thefpile ydriver on the center 'of the teinporarylhead.

' rhe principal object of the invention is to 1927. Serial. No. 182,761.V

providek a'y driving mechanism designed espe-v ciallyior the driving :of hollow cylinders or pipes and thereby solvethe above problems.

Further and other objects Vand advantages will be hereinafter set forth in'l the accompanying yspecification and claims, and shown in'vthe drawings, whichby' way of illustration show what isfnow considered to be the preferred embodiment of the invention.k

Fig'. 1 is ai'rontview, partly n cross-A section, of the apparatus in position for drivingacylinder. Y

Fig. 2 is aview on line 2 2 of Fig-1. Y'

I Fig. 3 is a cross-section on line of' Figl.'

`Fig4 is a cross-section on line 4 4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a view on line 5 5 of Fig. 1.

Ii`ig. v6 is` agdetail cross-section showing method of keying` the removable" jaw to the anvil casting. y Y

InFig.' l, 10 designates a steelfcylinder driven into the ground, {and 12 is a cylinder being driven further into-the ground inside of andconcentric with cylinder after cylinderlO'has been excavated. 1n practice it is common to make each cylinder two inches smallerin ydiameter than the cylinder surrounding it. Thethi'clrn'ess of the 'cylinder walls is usually about 1/4 inch; therefore the spacev 14' between the cylinders is approximately-% inch. Y

Resting on top 'oi cylinder 12 is a. pair of anvils 16. These` anvils are diametrically opposite eachother (Fig. 3), and each anvil has an arm 18extendingtoward the other anvil. 'Arms 18 pass one on each side of the weboi I-beam 20 (Figs. 2 and 3).

On each side of I-beam 20vis a plate 22, secured 'by rivets 23 along its upper and lower vedges to` the flanges of kI-beam 20, thereby forming a tubular channel onpeach side ofthe I-beam, between the web of the b eam andfplate 22. lArms 18 are so shaped and located that each one fits within one of the tubularich'annels soi formed.`

Plates 22 and the Vweb of beam 20 are drilled with a pair of holes 2%, one above the other, through either of which may be passed a bolt 26. `Arms 18 are drilled with two rows of holes 28, shown dotted in Fig. 1 and f in cross-section in Fig. 3.

TWith the above structure in mind itis vident that the distance between anvils 16 may be varie-d by sliding arms k18 back or forth in the tubular channels, and. that the l anvils may be retained in any desiredv position by aligning a hole 28 1n eachafrm` ,18 with one or the other of holes 24 and passing a bolt 26 therethrough. Holes are so spaced and arranged as-to permit adjusting the positions of anvils 16 to each size of cylinder.

' kEach anvil 16 is provided with a downwardly and inwardly projecting lip 30 tit the rim of shaped on its outer surface to roughlyt the inner circular surface of the cylinder, as dica-ted by dotted lines in Fig; 3.

Each anvil 16 is also provided withY a removable jaw Y32l having a downwardly pro` j ecting lip34 so shaped as to roughly fit the inner surface of cylinder 10 and the. outer surface of cylinder 12. J aw v32 isk slipped into place from either side of anvil 16 in a slot provide-d to accommodate it. The jaw is prevented from radial motion by the downwardly extending portion'36and from endwise motion by keys 38 which .have upwardly extending ears 40 fitted into corre-. spending sockets in jaw 32. After thejaw isV positioned in anvil 16 the projecting ends of down as shown (Figs. 6Y

keys 38 are bent and 7). Y

vThe ydriving impact is all transmitted to the cylinders through aws 32, therefore the j jaws are made of hardened steelto reduce wear, and are made easily removable so as to be readily replaceable when necessary.

Extending upwardly from each anvil 16 is,

a guide rod 42. Each rod 42has aneyeat its lower end through which passes a horizontal in 44 fitted to a hole drilled in the anvil. n the upper portion of each anvil is a recess 46 surrounding the lower portion ofrod 42 and havinga horizont-al bottom on which is placed a steel washger 48. Resting on washer 48 is a cylindrical block 50, of wood or other shock-absorbing material.

Guided for vertical movement on each rod 42is a hammer casting52. Each casting 52 is lined with a steel pipe 54 for contact with .rod 42, and the lower end of the casting is re- YThe inner pipe is drilled with av series of `enter surfaces of the anvils will just slip inthe'cylin'der "10 already driven. Lips 30 4willguide the upper end of the inner cylinderinto-the 'space between anvil lip 30 and r lip 34, untiltheunder side of the body of removable jaw `3O rests on the top of pipe 12.

The outer curvature of vlip 16 andlinner` curvature'of lip 34 are lined, whereas the diameters of the `pipes. being driven vary through quite a range. rThis variation, however, is no hindrance to the operation ofthe apparatus, because the jaw 34 is a sloppy lit in anvil16, and because the pipe is so thin as to-readily adapt itselfto the curved space provided` for it. f

. Anvils 16 being in place on the inner pipe 12, and guide rods 42 being vertical, the driving operation is carried on by lifting ham mers 52 bymeans of chains 62 and dropping the hammers on 'wood blocks 50 through which the impact vis Atransmitted by rings 48 and anvils 16 to the cylinder.

The apparatus have been found very satisfactory and eiiicient in service. It is readily aejustableto different cylinders, and drives them rapidly. It is Hexible and loose-jointed so as to be free from binding in operation, while the character of the blow may be varied by changing the travel of the hainmers on guides '42, or by changing to hammers of different weight.

Alt is found that the use of this apparatus almost completely eliminatesV the damage done to the rims of the cylinders by previous devices.

it is to be understood that the invention isl not limited to the specific construction herein illustrated and described but may be embodied in other forms without departure from its spirit. I

l claim- Y V1. In a device for driving hollow cylinders, in combination, a plurality of anvils, means for adjusting said anvils relatively to each other to vfit cylinders ofdilferent diameters, and a hammer adapted to operate on each of said an-vils.

2. ln a device for driving a thin metal cylinder into the ground,vin combination, a pair of anvils adapted t'o rest-upon and closely. engage theV inner and outer surfaces of widely separated portions of the upper rim of said cylinder, means for adjusting said anvils to tit cylinders of different diameters, a hammerfor each of said anvils, and means leo 'to guide each of said hammers to operate on `itscorresponding anvil.

comprising a pair of anvils adjustable relatively to each other, and means for holding said anvils in adjusted position. j

4Q In an apparatus'ior driving a hollow cylinder within an outer hollow cylinder', an anvil structure comprising in combination, a plurality of anvils, a-nd adjustable means for adapting said structure ior driving cylinders of different diameters; Ysaid Outer cylinder serving to guide said structure, and said structure serving to guide said innerr cylinder by engaging its inner and outer surfaces at widely separated portions oi" the cylinder.

5( An anvil for driving hollow cylinders, comprising inV combination, a downwardly extending projection, and a removable jaw having v a downwardly projecting portion, said projections being adapted to engage between themthe upper rim of the cylinder to guide the cylinder while being driven.

6. An anvil structure Jfor driving hollow cylinders, comprising in combination, a plurality of interconnected anvils arranged to rest on the upper rim of the cylinder at widely7 separated points thereof, each anvil being provided with a pair of downwardly extending projections adapted to engage the inner and outer surfaces of said rim. Y

f 7 An anvil structure for driving a hollow cylinder within another hollow cylinder, comprising in combination, a plurality of interconnected anvils arranged to rest on the upper rim of the inner cylinder at widely separated pointsY thereof, each anvil being provided with means for maintaining guiding Contact with both inner and outer cylinders for the purpose set forth,

8. In an apparatus for Vdriving' a hollow cylinder, in combination, an anvil structure adapted to engage the upper end of the cylinder at a plurality of widely separated points and a hammer .adapted to strike said anvil' structure above each point of contact with said cylinder; saidv hammers being interconnected for substantially simultaneous operation. f j 9.*In Van apparatus for driving a hollow cylinder, in combination, an anvil structure adapted to engage the upper end of the cylinder at a plurality of widely separated points and a hammer adapted to strike said anvil structure above each point of contact with said cylinder; each of said hammers being guided for operation on a vertical rod pivotally connected to said anvil structure at a point adjacent the point of contact with said cylinder.

10. In an apparatus for driving' a hollow cylinder into the ground, a plurality of hammers,means asidev from said cylinder for guiding said hammers for operationin substantial alignment with the rim of said cylinde-r at widely separated points thereof, and means for supporting an anvil between each of said hammers and said rim to transmit the blow of the hammer to the rim, said an-` vils being interconnected by. an adjustable structure to adapt them to cylinders of different diameters, and said guiding means being secured to said anvils and settable into operative relationship with said anvils when said interconnecting structure is adjusted.

1l. In an apparatus for driving a hollow .cylinder into the ground, a plurality of ham mers, means aside vfrom said cylinder forguiding said hammers Jfor operation in substantial' alignment with the rimgof said cylinder at widely separated points thereof, and means for supporting an anvil between each ,of said hammers and said rim to transmit the blow ol" the hammerto the rim, said anvils being interconnected by an adjustable structure to adapt them to cylinders of different diameters, and settable means being provided for adjusting the guiding meansto maintain llt said hammers in proper relationship with said a-nvils.

. l2. In an apparatus for driving a hollow cylinder into the ground, a plurality of hammers, means aside from said cylinder Jfor guiding said lhammers for operation in substantial alignment with-.the rim of said cylinder at widely separated points thereof, and means'for supporting an anvil between each of said hammers andsaid rim to transmit the blow of the hammer to the rim, said anvils being interconnected by an adjustable structure to adapt them to cylinders oi' different diameters. j

13. In an apparatus for driving a hollow cylinder into the ground, a plurality of hammers, means aside from said cylinder for guiding said hammers for operation in substantial alignment with the rim of said cylinder at widely separated points thereoand means for supporting an anvil between each of said hammers and said rim to transmit the blow of the hammerto the rim, said anvils vbeing interconnected by an adjustable structure toadapt them to cylinders of diierent n signature.

' FRANCIS H. HUNT. 

